We assessed temporal variability in concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients (ammonium: NH4⁺, nitrate + nitrite: NOx⁻, and ortho phos - phate: PO4³⁻) associated with rhodolith beds on the Gulf of California and Pacific sides of Baja Cali fornia Sur, Mexico, and considered potential sources of nutrient enrichment from cryptofauna, microbes and allochthonous inputs. Rhodoliths, free-living non-geniculate coralline algae, support di verse cryptofaunal and microbial assemblages which could supply regenerated nutrients to their hosts, but studies of such nutrient dynamics are limited. Finally, we demonstrate that the invasion success of these species has mainly occurred in areas with similar environmental conditions as those from their respective native ranges (i.e., climatic match, niche conservatism).įoundation species harboring associated fauna and micro-organisms provide an op - portunity to explore nutrient contributions from excretion and decomposition (recycled nutrients) relative to new inputs. Second, we confirm a strong pattern of successful establishment. First, we provide potential distributions that could help to detect non-native populations early on. Our results bring new insights to the invasion process of sea anemones, which is relevant considering the scarcity of monitoring efforts, the issues associated with their detection, and the potential ecological effects they generate on invaded communities. Here, we used ecological niche modeling to: (1) predict areas with invasion risk of three successful widespread invasive sea anemone species (Diadumene lineata, Exaiptasia diaphana, and Nematostella vectensis) (2) determine the invasion stage of current non-native occurrences and (3) test the climatic match hypothesis of invasion success by assessing their environmental niche dynamics. The conservation of invaded communities is therefore of great concern and spatially explicit information is essential for the prevention or early detection of introductions. Three species (Clytia brevithecata (Thornely, 1900), Halopteris alternata (Nutting, 1900) and Macrorhynchia philippina Kirchenpauer, 1872), are introduced, with the rest assigned to a native or cryptogenic status.Įstablished non-native sea anemone populations can affect the native community through multiple mechanisms, including predation and competition. certicaule Fraser, 1938a are newly identified, measured and illustrated. Nematocysts of Corydendrium flabellatum Fraser, 1938a and Eudendrium cf. The most abundant species in the collection were Clytia obliqua (Clarke, 1907) and Sertularella affinicostata Calder and Faucci, 2021, found in 11 of 42 samples (26%), and Tridentata borneensis Billard, 1925a, present in nine (21%) of them. All represent new records for Cocos Island, elevating its number of reported species to 25. Fourteen species – three anthoathecates and 11 leptothecates – were identified in the collection. Hydroids examined here were collected during 2019 in a search for invasive species, as part of a fouling survey. Only 11 species have been reported from there previously, with five of them being stylasterids. The hydroids of Cocos Island (Isla del Coco), Costa Rica, have received scant attention and are poorly known. Las imágenes obtenidas aportan evidencia de reproducción clonal por laceración pedal. Conclusiones: La distribución geográfica de esta especie es extendida, como así también su distribución batimétrica desde el intermareal hasta los 14 m de profundidad. diaphana fueron observados sobre rodolitos y observamos repetidamente pequeños individuos rodeando a un individuo mayor (presumiblemente la anémona fundadora) sobre rodolitos de Punta Ulloa. Especímenes vivos fijados sobre rodolitos fueron fotografiados y sus medidas y carácterísticas morfológicas externas fueron registradas in situ. de profundidad mediante SCUBA durante la expedición UCR-UNA-COCO-I al Parque Nacional Isla del Coco el 24 de abril de 2010. Métodos: Algunos rodolitos fueron examinados in situ en Punta Ulloa a 14 m. Objetivo: Reportar por primera vez la presencia de la anémona de mar Exaiptasia diaphana. Introducción: La diversidad de anémonas de mar en el Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, está aún poco estudiada.
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